ci: improve image-manifest reliability (#981)

diff --git a/Earthfile b/Earthfile
index a986488..2b145a4 100644
--- a/Earthfile
+++ b/Earthfile
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 lint:
   BUILD +lint.ansible-lint
   BUILD +lint.markdownlint
-  BUILD +lint.image-manifest
 
 lint.markdownlint:
   FROM davidanson/markdownlint-cli2
@@ -24,18 +23,6 @@
     SAVE ARTIFACT ansible-lint.xml AS LOCAL ansible-lint.xml
   END
 
-lint.image-manifest:
-  FROM quay.io/skopeo/stable:latest
-  COPY roles/defaults/vars/main.yml /defaults.yml
-  FOR IMAGE IN $(cat /defaults.yml | grep sha256 | cut -d' ' -f4 | sort | uniq | sed 's/:[^@]*//')
-    BUILD +lint.image-manifest.image --IMAGE ${IMAGE}
-  END
-
-lint.image-manifest.image:
-  FROM quay.io/skopeo/stable:latest
-  ARG --required IMAGE
-  RUN skopeo inspect --no-tags docker://${IMAGE} >/dev/null && echo "Manifest is valid for ${IMAGE}" || echo "Manifest is not valid for ${IMAGE}"
-
 unit.go:
   FROM golang:1.21
   RUN go install github.com/jstemmer/go-junit-report/v2@latest
diff --git a/Jenkinsfile b/Jenkinsfile
index 1ec8dbf..074a060 100644
--- a/Jenkinsfile
+++ b/Jenkinsfile
@@ -45,35 +45,21 @@
             }
           }
         }
-
-        stage('image-manifest') {
-          agent {
-            label 'earthly-2c-4g'
-          }
-
-          steps {
-            sh 'earthly +lint.image-manifest'
-          }
-        }
       }
     }
 
     stage('unit') {
-      parallel {
-        stage('go') {
-          agent {
-            label 'earthly-2c-4g'
-          }
+      agent {
+        label 'earthly-2c-4g'
+      }
 
-          steps {
-            sh 'earthly --output +unit.go'
-          }
+      steps {
+        sh 'earthly --output +unit.go'
+      }
 
-          post {
-            always {
-              junit 'junit-go.xml'
-            }
-          }
+      post {
+        always {
+          junit 'junit-go.xml'
         }
       }
     }
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index cba7f7e..47f9aea 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 require (
 	github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager v1.14.2
+	github.com/containers/image/v5 v5.29.2
 	github.com/erikgeiser/promptkit v0.9.0
 	github.com/goccy/go-yaml v1.11.3
 	github.com/nsf/jsondiff v0.0.0-20230430225905-43f6cf3098c1
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@
 	github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/sprig/v3 v3.2.3 // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/squirrel v1.5.4 // indirect
-	github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim v0.11.4 // indirect
+	github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim v0.12.0-rc.1 // indirect
 	github.com/asaskevich/govalidator v0.0.0-20230301143203-a9d515a09cc2 // indirect
 	github.com/atotto/clipboard v0.1.4 // indirect
 	github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1 // indirect
@@ -49,12 +50,16 @@
 	github.com/containerd/console v1.0.4-0.20230313162750-1ae8d489ac81 // indirect
 	github.com/containerd/containerd v1.7.11 // indirect
 	github.com/containerd/log v0.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/containers/libtrust v0.0.0-20230121012942-c1716e8a8d01 // indirect
+	github.com/containers/ocicrypt v1.1.9 // indirect
+	github.com/containers/storage v1.51.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cyphar/filepath-securejoin v0.2.4 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc // indirect
-	github.com/docker/cli v24.0.6+incompatible // indirect
-	github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.2+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/distribution/reference v0.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/cli v24.0.7+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.3+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/docker/docker v24.0.7+incompatible // indirect
-	github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.7.0 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.8.0 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-connections v0.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-metrics v0.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0 // indirect
@@ -97,7 +102,8 @@
 	github.com/jmoiron/sqlx v1.3.5 // indirect
 	github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.16.5 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.3 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/pgzip v1.2.6 // indirect
 	github.com/lann/builder v0.0.0-20180802200727-47ae307949d0 // indirect
 	github.com/lann/ps v0.0.0-20150810152359-62de8c46ede0 // indirect
 	github.com/lib/pq v1.10.9 // indirect
@@ -113,6 +119,7 @@
 	github.com/mitchellh/reflectwalk v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/locker v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/spdystream v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/sys/mountinfo v0.7.1 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/term v0.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
@@ -126,6 +133,8 @@
 	github.com/mxk/go-flowrate v0.0.0-20140419014527-cca7078d478f // indirect
 	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.0-rc5 // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/runc v1.1.10 // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/peterbourgon/diskv v2.0.1+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.1-0.20181226105442-5d4384ee4fb2 // indirect
@@ -137,6 +146,9 @@
 	github.com/santhosh-tekuri/jsonschema/v5 v5.3.1 // indirect
 	github.com/shopspring/decimal v1.3.1 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/cast v1.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/syndtr/gocapability v0.0.0-20200815063812-42c35b437635 // indirect
+	github.com/ulikunitz/xz v0.5.11 // indirect
+	github.com/vbatts/tar-split v0.11.5 // indirect
 	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonpointer v0.0.0-20190905194746-02993c407bfb // indirect
 	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonreference v0.0.0-20180127040603-bd5ef7bd5415 // indirect
 	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonschema v1.2.0 // indirect
@@ -147,6 +159,7 @@
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.21.0 // indirect
 	go.starlark.net v0.0.0-20230525235612-a134d8f9ddca // indirect
 	golang.org/x/crypto v0.18.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20231226003508-02704c960a9b // indirect
 	golang.org/x/net v0.20.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.16.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.5.0 // indirect
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index 70899a1..84a08ad 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
 github.com/Masterminds/squirrel v1.5.4/go.mod h1:NNaOrjSoIDfDA40n7sr2tPNZRfjzjA400rg+riTZj10=
 github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.1 h1:9/kr64B9VUZrLm5YYwbGtUJnMgqWVOdUAXu6Migciow=
 github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.1/go.mod h1:LRdKpFKfdobln8UmuiYcKPot9D2v6svN5+sAH+4kjUM=
-github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim v0.11.4 h1:68vKo2VN8DE9AdN4tnkWnmdhqdbpUFM8OF3Airm7fz8=
-github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim v0.11.4/go.mod h1:smjE4dvqPX9Zldna+t5FG3rnoHhaB7QYxPRqGcpAD9w=
+github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim v0.12.0-rc.1 h1:Hy+xzYujv7urO5wrgcG58SPMOXNLrj4WCJbySs2XX/A=
+github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim v0.12.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:Y1a1S0QlYp1mBpyvGiuEdOfZqnao+0uX5AWHXQ5NhZU=
 github.com/Shopify/logrus-bugsnag v0.0.0-20171204204709-577dee27f20d h1:UrqY+r/OJnIp5u0s1SbQ8dVfLCZJsnvazdBP5hS4iRs=
 github.com/Shopify/logrus-bugsnag v0.0.0-20171204204709-577dee27f20d/go.mod h1:HI8ITrYtUY+O+ZhtlqUnD8+KwNPOyugEhfP9fdUIaEQ=
 github.com/alecthomas/template v0.0.0-20160405071501-a0175ee3bccc/go.mod h1:LOuyumcjzFXgccqObfd/Ljyb9UuFJ6TxHnclSeseNhc=
@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@
 github.com/chzyer/test v0.0.0-20180213035817-a1ea475d72b1/go.mod h1:Q3SI9o4m/ZMnBNeIyt5eFwwo7qiLfzFZmjNmxjkiQlU=
 github.com/client9/misspell v0.3.4/go.mod h1:qj6jICC3Q7zFZvVWo7KLAzC3yx5G7kyvSDkc90ppPyw=
 github.com/containerd/cgroups v1.1.0 h1:v8rEWFl6EoqHB+swVNjVoCJE8o3jX7e8nqBGPLaDFBM=
-github.com/containerd/cgroups v1.1.0/go.mod h1:6ppBcbh/NOOUU+dMKrykgaBnK9lCIBxHqJDGwsa1mIw=
+github.com/containerd/cgroups/v3 v3.0.2 h1:f5WFqIVSgo5IZmtTT3qVBo6TzI1ON6sycSBKkymb9L0=
+github.com/containerd/cgroups/v3 v3.0.2/go.mod h1:JUgITrzdFqp42uI2ryGA+ge0ap/nxzYgkGmIcetmErE=
 github.com/containerd/console v1.0.4-0.20230313162750-1ae8d489ac81 h1:q2hJAaP1k2wIvVRd/hEHD7lacgqrCPS+k8g1MndzfWY=
 github.com/containerd/console v1.0.4-0.20230313162750-1ae8d489ac81/go.mod h1:YynlIjWYF8myEu6sdkwKIvGQq+cOckRm6So2avqoYAk=
 github.com/containerd/containerd v1.7.11 h1:lfGKw3eU35sjV0aG2eYZTiwFEY1pCzxdzicHP3SZILw=
@@ -74,6 +75,14 @@
 github.com/containerd/continuity v0.4.2/go.mod h1:F6PTNCKepoxEaXLQp3wDAjygEnImnZ/7o4JzpodfroQ=
 github.com/containerd/log v0.1.0 h1:TCJt7ioM2cr/tfR8GPbGf9/VRAX8D2B4PjzCpfX540I=
 github.com/containerd/log v0.1.0/go.mod h1:VRRf09a7mHDIRezVKTRCrOq78v577GXq3bSa3EhrzVo=
+github.com/containers/image/v5 v5.29.2 h1:b8U0XYWhaQbKucK73IbmSm8WQyKAhKDbAHQc45XlsOw=
+github.com/containers/image/v5 v5.29.2/go.mod h1:kQ7qcDsps424ZAz24thD+x7+dJw1vgur3A9tTDsj97E=
+github.com/containers/libtrust v0.0.0-20230121012942-c1716e8a8d01 h1:Qzk5C6cYglewc+UyGf6lc8Mj2UaPTHy/iF2De0/77CA=
+github.com/containers/libtrust v0.0.0-20230121012942-c1716e8a8d01/go.mod h1:9rfv8iPl1ZP7aqh9YA68wnZv2NUDbXdcdPHVz0pFbPY=
+github.com/containers/ocicrypt v1.1.9 h1:2Csfba4jse85Raxk5HIyEk8OwZNjRvfkhEGijOjIdEM=
+github.com/containers/ocicrypt v1.1.9/go.mod h1:dTKx1918d8TDkxXvarscpNVY+lyPakPNFN4jwA9GBys=
+github.com/containers/storage v1.51.0 h1:AowbcpiWXzAjHosKz7MKvPEqpyX+ryZA/ZurytRrFNA=
+github.com/containers/storage v1.51.0/go.mod h1:ybl8a3j1PPtpyaEi/5A6TOFs+5TrEyObeKJzVtkUlfc=
 github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.3/go.mod h1:tgQtvFlXSQOSOSIRvRPT7W67SCa46tRHOmNcaadrF8o=
 github.com/creack/pty v1.1.18 h1:n56/Zwd5o6whRC5PMGretI4IdRLlmBXYNjScPaBgsbY=
 github.com/creack/pty v1.1.18/go.mod h1:MOBLtS5ELjhRRrroQr9kyvTxUAFNvYEK993ew/Vr4O4=
@@ -85,14 +94,16 @@
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
 github.com/distribution/distribution/v3 v3.0.0-20221208165359-362910506bc2 h1:aBfCb7iqHmDEIp6fBvC/hQUddQfg+3qdYjwzaiP9Hnc=
 github.com/distribution/distribution/v3 v3.0.0-20221208165359-362910506bc2/go.mod h1:WHNsWjnIn2V1LYOrME7e8KxSeKunYHsxEm4am0BUtcI=
-github.com/docker/cli v24.0.6+incompatible h1:fF+XCQCgJjjQNIMjzaSmiKJSCcfcXb3TWTcc7GAneOY=
-github.com/docker/cli v24.0.6+incompatible/go.mod h1:JLrzqnKDaYBop7H2jaqPtU4hHvMKP+vjCwu2uszcLI8=
-github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.2+incompatible h1:T3de5rq0dB1j30rp0sA2rER+m322EBzniBPB6ZIzuh8=
-github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.2+incompatible/go.mod h1:J2gT2udsDAN96Uj4KfcMRqY0/ypR+oyYUYmja8H+y+w=
+github.com/distribution/reference v0.5.0 h1:/FUIFXtfc/x2gpa5/VGfiGLuOIdYa1t65IKK2OFGvA0=
+github.com/distribution/reference v0.5.0/go.mod h1:BbU0aIcezP1/5jX/8MP0YiH4SdvB5Y4f/wlDRiLyi3E=
+github.com/docker/cli v24.0.7+incompatible h1:wa/nIwYFW7BVTGa7SWPVyyXU9lgORqUb1xfI36MSkFg=
+github.com/docker/cli v24.0.7+incompatible/go.mod h1:JLrzqnKDaYBop7H2jaqPtU4hHvMKP+vjCwu2uszcLI8=
+github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.3+incompatible h1:AtKxIZ36LoNK51+Z6RpzLpddBirtxJnzDrHLEKxTAYk=
+github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.3+incompatible/go.mod h1:J2gT2udsDAN96Uj4KfcMRqY0/ypR+oyYUYmja8H+y+w=
 github.com/docker/docker v24.0.7+incompatible h1:Wo6l37AuwP3JaMnZa226lzVXGA3F9Ig1seQen0cKYlM=
 github.com/docker/docker v24.0.7+incompatible/go.mod h1:eEKB0N0r5NX/I1kEveEz05bcu8tLC/8azJZsviup8Sk=
-github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.7.0 h1:xtCHsjxogADNZcdv1pKUHXryefjlVRqWqIhk/uXJp0A=
-github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.7.0/go.mod h1:rETQfLdHNT3foU5kuNkFR1R1V12OJRRO5lzt2D1b5X0=
+github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.8.0 h1:YQFtbBQb4VrpoPxhFuzEBPQ9E16qz5SpHLS+uswaCp8=
+github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.8.0/go.mod h1:UGFXcuoQ5TxPiB54nHOZ32AWRqQdECoh/Mg0AlEYb40=
 github.com/docker/go-connections v0.4.0 h1:El9xVISelRB7BuFusrZozjnkIM5YnzCViNKohAFqRJQ=
 github.com/docker/go-connections v0.4.0/go.mod h1:Gbd7IOopHjR8Iph03tsViu4nIes5XhDvyHbTtUxmeec=
 github.com/docker/go-events v0.0.0-20190806004212-e31b211e4f1c h1:+pKlWGMw7gf6bQ+oDZB4KHQFypsfjYlq/C4rfL7D3g8=
@@ -101,8 +112,8 @@
 github.com/docker/go-metrics v0.0.1/go.mod h1:cG1hvH2utMXtqgqqYE9plW6lDxS3/5ayHzueweSI3Vw=
 github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0 h1:69rxXcBk27SvSaaxTtLh/8llcHD8vYHT7WSdRZ/jvr4=
 github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0/go.mod h1:fgPhTUdO+D/Jk86RDLlptpiXQzgHJF7gydDDbaIK4Dk=
-github.com/docker/libtrust v0.0.0-20150114040149-fa567046d9b1 h1:ZClxb8laGDf5arXfYcAtECDFgAgHklGI8CxgjHnXKJ4=
-github.com/docker/libtrust v0.0.0-20150114040149-fa567046d9b1/go.mod h1:cyGadeNEkKy96OOhEzfZl+yxihPEzKnqJwvfuSUqbZE=
+github.com/docker/libtrust v0.0.0-20160708172513-aabc10ec26b7 h1:UhxFibDNY/bfvqU5CAUmr9zpesgbU6SWc8/B4mflAE4=
+github.com/docker/libtrust v0.0.0-20160708172513-aabc10ec26b7/go.mod h1:cyGadeNEkKy96OOhEzfZl+yxihPEzKnqJwvfuSUqbZE=
 github.com/emicklei/go-restful/v3 v3.11.0 h1:rAQeMHw1c7zTmncogyy8VvRZwtkmkZ4FxERmMY4rD+g=
 github.com/emicklei/go-restful/v3 v3.11.0/go.mod h1:6n3XBCmQQb25CM2LCACGz8ukIrRry+4bhvbpWn3mrbc=
 github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.9.1-0.20191026205805-5f8ba28d4473/go.mod h1:YTl/9mNaCwkRvm6d1a2C3ymFceY/DCBVvsKhRF0iEA4=
@@ -264,8 +275,10 @@
 github.com/karrick/godirwalk v1.16.1/go.mod h1:j4mkqPuvaLI8mp1DroR3P6ad7cyYd4c1qeJ3RV7ULlk=
 github.com/kisielk/errcheck v1.5.0/go.mod h1:pFxgyoBC7bSaBwPgfKdkLd5X25qrDl4LWUI2bnpBCr8=
 github.com/kisielk/gotool v1.0.0/go.mod h1:XhKaO+MFFWcvkIS/tQcRk01m1F5IRFswLeQ+oQHNcck=
-github.com/klauspost/compress v1.16.5 h1:IFV2oUNUzZaz+XyusxpLzpzS8Pt5rh0Z16For/djlyI=
-github.com/klauspost/compress v1.16.5/go.mod h1:ntbaceVETuRiXiv4DpjP66DpAtAGkEQskQzEyD//IeE=
+github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.3 h1:qkRjuerhUU1EmXLYGkSH6EZL+vPSxIrYjLNAK4slzwA=
+github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.3/go.mod h1:/dCuZOvVtNoHsyb+cuJD3itjs3NbnF6KH9zAO4BDxPM=
+github.com/klauspost/pgzip v1.2.6 h1:8RXeL5crjEUFnR2/Sn6GJNWtSQ3Dk8pq4CL3jvdDyjU=
+github.com/klauspost/pgzip v1.2.6/go.mod h1:Ch1tH69qFZu15pkjo5kYi6mth2Zzwzt50oCQKQE9RUs=
 github.com/konsorten/go-windows-terminal-sequences v1.0.1/go.mod h1:T0+1ngSBFLxvqU3pZ+m/2kptfBszLMUkC4ZK/EgS/cQ=
 github.com/kr/logfmt v0.0.0-20140226030751-b84e30acd515/go.mod h1:+0opPa2QZZtGFBFZlji/RkVcI2GknAs/DXo4wKdlNEc=
 github.com/kr/pretty v0.3.1 h1:flRD4NNwYAUpkphVc1HcthR4KEIFJ65n8Mw5qdRn3LE=
@@ -304,8 +317,8 @@
 github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.15 h1:UNAjwbU9l54TA3KzvqLGxwWjHmMgBUVhBiTjelZgg3U=
 github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.15/go.mod h1:Jdepj2loyihRzMpdS35Xk/zdY8IAYHsh153qUoGf23w=
 github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.6/go.mod h1:NyWgC/yNuGj7Q9rpYnZvas74GogHl5/Z4A/KQRfk6bU=
-github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.15 h1:vfoHhTN1af61xCRSWzFIWzx2YskyMTwHLrExkBOjvxI=
-github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.15/go.mod h1:2eHXhiwb8IkHr+BDWZGa96P6+rkvnG63S2DGjv9HUNg=
+github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.18 h1:JL0eqdCOq6DJVNPSvArO/bIV9/P7fbGrV00LZHc+5aI=
+github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.18/go.mod h1:2eHXhiwb8IkHr+BDWZGa96P6+rkvnG63S2DGjv9HUNg=
 github.com/matttproud/golang_protobuf_extensions v1.0.1/go.mod h1:D8He9yQNgCq6Z5Ld7szi9bcBfOoFv/3dc6xSMkL2PC0=
 github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.57 h1:Jzi7ApEIzwEPLHWRcafCN9LZSBbqQpxjt/wpgvg7wcM=
 github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.57/go.mod h1:uqRjCRUuEAA6qsOiJvDd+CFo/vW+y5WR6SNmHE55hZk=
@@ -321,8 +334,8 @@
 github.com/moby/locker v1.0.1/go.mod h1:S7SDdo5zpBK84bzzVlKr2V0hz+7x9hWbYC/kq7oQppc=
 github.com/moby/spdystream v0.2.0 h1:cjW1zVyyoiM0T7b6UoySUFqzXMoqRckQtXwGPiBhOM8=
 github.com/moby/spdystream v0.2.0/go.mod h1:f7i0iNDQJ059oMTcWxx8MA/zKFIuD/lY+0GqbN2Wy8c=
-github.com/moby/sys/mountinfo v0.6.2 h1:BzJjoreD5BMFNmD9Rus6gdd1pLuecOFPt8wC+Vygl78=
-github.com/moby/sys/mountinfo v0.6.2/go.mod h1:IJb6JQeOklcdMU9F5xQ8ZALD+CUr5VlGpwtX+VE0rpI=
+github.com/moby/sys/mountinfo v0.7.1 h1:/tTvQaSJRr2FshkhXiIpux6fQ2Zvc4j7tAhMTStAG2g=
+github.com/moby/sys/mountinfo v0.7.1/go.mod h1:IJb6JQeOklcdMU9F5xQ8ZALD+CUr5VlGpwtX+VE0rpI=
 github.com/moby/term v0.5.0 h1:xt8Q1nalod/v7BqbG21f8mQPqH+xAaC9C3N3wfWbVP0=
 github.com/moby/term v0.5.0/go.mod h1:8FzsFHVUBGZdbDsJw/ot+X+d5HLUbvklYLJ9uGfcI3Y=
 github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180228061459-e0a39a4cb421/go.mod h1:6dJC0mAP4ikYIbvyc7fijjWJddQyLn8Ig3JB5CqoB9Q=
@@ -361,6 +374,10 @@
 github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0/go.mod h1:0JzlMkj0TRzQZfJkVvzbP0HBR3IKzErnv2BNG4W4MAM=
 github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.0-rc5 h1:Ygwkfw9bpDvs+c9E34SdgGOj41dX/cbdlwvlWt0pnFI=
 github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.0-rc5/go.mod h1:X4pATf0uXsnn3g5aiGIsVnJBR4mxhKzfwmvK/B2NTm8=
+github.com/opencontainers/runc v1.1.10 h1:EaL5WeO9lv9wmS6SASjszOeQdSctvpbu0DdBQBizE40=
+github.com/opencontainers/runc v1.1.10/go.mod h1:+/R6+KmDlh+hOO8NkjmgkG9Qzvypzk0yXxAPYYR65+M=
+github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec v1.1.0 h1:HHUyrt9mwHUjtasSbXSMvs4cyFxh+Bll4AjJ9odEGpg=
+github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec v1.1.0/go.mod h1:jwyrGlmzljRJv/Fgzds9SsS/C5hL+LL3ko9hs6T5lQ0=
 github.com/percona/percona-xtradb-cluster-operator v1.13.0 h1:KhXkjK3hRCLdEtbcuc9ynKiY7fJ1IxRqZTLgd6R6xz0=
 github.com/percona/percona-xtradb-cluster-operator v1.13.0/go.mod h1:EuEh2c3STNlMTvuEMGeAkM6eDhKiIT5wtfcxBZLSjiA=
 github.com/peterbourgon/diskv v2.0.1+incompatible h1:UBdAOUP5p4RWqPBg048CAvpKN+vxiaj6gdUUzhl4XmI=
@@ -431,6 +448,12 @@
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.0/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/h/Wwjteg=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4 h1:CcVxjf3Q8PM0mHUKJCdn+eZZtm5yQwehR5yeSVQQcUk=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4/go.mod h1:sz/lmYIOXD/1dqDmKjjqLyZ2RngseejIcXlSw2iwfAo=
+github.com/syndtr/gocapability v0.0.0-20200815063812-42c35b437635 h1:kdXcSzyDtseVEc4yCz2qF8ZrQvIDBJLl4S1c3GCXmoI=
+github.com/syndtr/gocapability v0.0.0-20200815063812-42c35b437635/go.mod h1:hkRG7XYTFWNJGYcbNJQlaLq0fg1yr4J4t/NcTQtrfww=
+github.com/ulikunitz/xz v0.5.11 h1:kpFauv27b6ynzBNT/Xy+1k+fK4WswhN/6PN5WhFAGw8=
+github.com/ulikunitz/xz v0.5.11/go.mod h1:nbz6k7qbPmH4IRqmfOplQw/tblSgqTqBwxkY0oWt/14=
+github.com/vbatts/tar-split v0.11.5 h1:3bHCTIheBm1qFTcgh9oPu+nNBtX+XJIupG/vacinCts=
+github.com/vbatts/tar-split v0.11.5/go.mod h1:yZbwRsSeGjusneWgA781EKej9HF8vme8okylkAeNKLk=
 github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonpointer v0.0.0-20180127040702-4e3ac2762d5f/go.mod h1:N2zxlSyiKSe5eX1tZViRH5QA0qijqEDrYZiPEAiq3wU=
 github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonpointer v0.0.0-20190905194746-02993c407bfb h1:zGWFAtiMcyryUHoUjUJX0/lt1H2+i2Ka2n+D3DImSNo=
 github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonpointer v0.0.0-20190905194746-02993c407bfb/go.mod h1:N2zxlSyiKSe5eX1tZViRH5QA0qijqEDrYZiPEAiq3wU=
@@ -476,6 +499,8 @@
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.18.0 h1:PGVlW0xEltQnzFZ55hkuX5+KLyrMYhHld1YHO4AKcdc=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.18.0/go.mod h1:R0j02AL6hcrfOiy9T4ZYp/rcWeMxM3L6QYxlOuEG1mg=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
+golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20231226003508-02704c960a9b h1:kLiC65FbiHWFAOu+lxwNPujcsl8VYyTYYEZnsOO1WK4=
+golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20231226003508-02704c960a9b/go.mod h1:iRJReGqOEeBhDZGkGbynYwcHlctCvnjTYIamk7uXpHI=
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20181026193005-c67002cb31c3/go.mod h1:UVdnD1Gm6xHRNCYTkRU2/jEulfH38KcIWyp/GAMgvoE=
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20190227174305-5b3e6a55c961/go.mod h1:wehouNa3lNwaWXcvxsM5YxQ5yQlVC4a0KAMCusXpPoU=
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20190313153728-d0100b6bd8b3/go.mod h1:6SW0HCj/g11FgYtHlgUYUwCkIfeOF89ocIRzGO/8vkc=
@@ -610,8 +635,9 @@
 gorm.io/gorm v1.25.7-0.20240204074919-46816ad31dde/go.mod h1:hbnx/Oo0ChWMn1BIhpy1oYozzpM15i4YPuHDmfYtwg8=
 gorm.io/gorm v1.25.7 h1:VsD6acwRjz2zFxGO50gPO6AkNs7KKnvfzUjHQhZDz/A=
 gorm.io/gorm v1.25.7/go.mod h1:hbnx/Oo0ChWMn1BIhpy1oYozzpM15i4YPuHDmfYtwg8=
-gotest.tools/v3 v3.4.0 h1:ZazjZUfuVeZGLAmlKKuyv3IKP5orXcwtOwDQH6YVr6o=
-gotest.tools/v3 v3.4.0/go.mod h1:CtbdzLSsqVhDgMtKsx03ird5YTGB3ar27v0u/yKBW5g=
+gotest.tools v2.2.0+incompatible h1:VsBPFP1AI068pPrMxtb/S8Zkgf9xEmTLJjfM+P5UIEo=
+gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.0 h1:Ljk6PdHdOhAb5aDMWXjDLMMhph+BpztA4v1QdqEW2eY=
+gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.0/go.mod h1:isy3WKz7GK6uNw/sbHzfKBLvlvXwUyV06n6brMxxopU=
 helm.sh/helm/v3 v3.14.1 h1:4AwRLx+wfzlPtvrsbDmWP5PUokGmf9/nAmEdk21vae8=
 helm.sh/helm/v3 v3.14.1/go.mod h1:2itvvDv2WSZXTllknfQo6j7u3VVgMAvm8POCDgYH424=
 honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190102054323-c2f93a96b099/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
diff --git a/roles/defaults/vars.go b/roles/defaults/vars.go
index 4dc1e7d..4c11748 100644
--- a/roles/defaults/vars.go
+++ b/roles/defaults/vars.go
@@ -12,6 +12,20 @@
 	varsFile []byte
 )
 
+func GetImages() (map[string]string, error) {
+	path, err := yaml.PathString("$._atmosphere_images")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var images map[string]string
+	if err := path.Read(bytes.NewReader(varsFile), &images); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return images, nil
+}
+
 func GetImageByKey(key string) (string, error) {
 	path, err := yaml.PathString("$._atmosphere_images." + key)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/roles/defaults/vars_test.go b/roles/defaults/vars_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e70e545
--- /dev/null
+++ b/roles/defaults/vars_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+package defaults
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/containers/image/v5/docker"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestImageExist(t *testing.T) {
+	images, err := GetImages()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	var uniqueImages []string
+	for _, image := range images {
+		if slices.Contains(uniqueImages, image) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		uniqueImages = append(uniqueImages, image)
+	}
+
+	for _, image := range uniqueImages {
+		// NOTE(mnaser): ParseReference does not allow both tag & digest,
+		//               so we strip the tags from the image name.
+		nameWithTag := strings.Split(image, "@")[0]
+		name := strings.Split(nameWithTag, ":")[0]
+		digest := strings.Split(image, "@")[1]
+		image := fmt.Sprintf("%s@%s", name, digest)
+
+		t.Run(image, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			ref, err := docker.ParseReference(fmt.Sprintf("//%s", image))
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			ctx := context.Background()
+			img, err := ref.NewImage(ctx, nil)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			defer img.Close()
+
+			_, _, err = img.Manifest(ctx)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+		})
+	}
+}